Breast-conserving Surgery and Mastectomy

Breast-conserving surgery removes the tumour while preserving as much normal breast tissue as possible.
This approach is considered when tumour size, location, and extent allow resection with adequate margins.

Intraoperative pathological assessment may be performed, when indicated,
to evaluate surgical margins.

Postoperative radiation therapy is usually included to reduce the risk of local recurrence.

Mastectomy involves removal of the entire breast and may be selected based on tumour extent,
multifocal disease, previous radiation therapy, or patient preference.

In selected cases, nipple-sparing or skin-sparing techniques may be considered
after assessment of oncological safety.

The surgical approach is determined individually,
taking into account disease control and subsequent treatment planning.

Axillary management is planned based on clinical findings and pathological evaluation.
Sentinel lymph node biopsy is used to assess lymph node involvement
and may help avoid unnecessary axillary dissection.

Further details are available on the sentinel lymph node biopsy page.

Surgical treatment is planned alongside systemic therapy and radiation therapy
as part of an integrated treatment approach.
This supports appropriate sequencing of surgery and adjuvant treatment.

Appointments are required in principle.
A referral letter from another medical institution is recommended but not mandatory.

For appointment requests and language support, please see the
Breast Surgery page.